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Superphosphates

Chemical Economics Handbook

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Published August 2020

Normal superphosphate or single superphosphate (NSP, SSP) is used solely as a fertilizer material. NSP can be used with most crops and is applied during the planting season. NSP is a solid phosphate fertilizer material that is produced from phosphate rock and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

Concentrated or triple superphosphate (CSP, TSP) is used exclusively as a fertilizer material. TSP is a solid single-nutrient phosphate fertilizer material produced from phosphate rock and phosphoric acid. TSP typically contains 44–46% anhydrous phosphoric acid (P2O5), more than twice the P2O5 content of normal superphosphate. It is applied mainly in areas where plants are grown in soils that have a low concentration of phosphorus, which is important for root development.

There has been an ongoing, slow change in the pattern of phosphate fertilizer consumption, away from NSP toward higher-analysis fertilizers such as mono- and diammonium phosphate (MAP and DAP) and TSP. Normal superphosphate (NSP), the lowest-analysis major phosphate fertilizer material and crudest with regard to its physical properties, lost its top ranking to ammonium phosphates during the mid-twentieth century.

The following pie charts show world consumption of normal and triple superphosphate in 2020:

The largest consumer of NSP in 2020 is Central and South America, followed by mainland China and Southwest Asia. The world market for NSP contracted by about -2.8% per year between 2015 and 2020 and future growth will be minimal, as it continues to lose market share to higher-analysis phosphates. NSP has a relatively low nutrient analysis and generally poor physical properties; thus, its large-scale use tends to be restricted to developing regions that have phosphate rock resources that are not particularly suitable feed for the more sophisticated chemical processes involved in producing phosphoric acid and ammonium phosphate.

The largest consumer of TSP in 2020 is Central and South America, followed by Southeast Asia and Western Europe. The world market for TSP contracted by about 3.3% per year between 2015 and 2020, and future growth will be moderate (2–3% per year). TSP has also been losing market share to ammonium phosphates, which have accounted for essentially all of the growth in world phosphate fertilizer consumption for many years. Although TSP has a similar phosphate analysis to ammonium phosphates, it contains no other nutrients, while ammonium phosphates also contain a significant amount of nitrogen, the most commonly used nutrient. Thus, the transportation cost per unit of total nutrient is higher for TSP than for ammonium phosphates, but still lower than that for NSP.

For more detailed information, see the table of contents, shown below.

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook – Superphosphates is the comprehensive and trusted guide for anyone seeking information on this industry. This latest report details global and regional information, including

Key Benefits

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook – Superphosphates has been compiled using primary interviews with key suppliers, organizations and leading representatives from the industry in combination with S&P Global’s unparalleled access to upstream and downstream market intelligence, expert insights into industry dynamics, trade and economics.

This report can help you:

  • Identify trends and driving forces influencing chemical markets
  • Forecast and plan for future demand
  • Understand the impact of competing materials
  • Identify and evaluate potential customers and competitors
  • Evaluate producers
  • Track changing prices and trade movements
  • Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability
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Table of Contents

Executive summary 8
Summary 9
Introduction 11
Manufacturing processes 12
Normal superphosphate 12
Chemistry 12
Process steps 12
Triple superphosphate 12
Chemistry 12
Process steps 13
Run-of-pile (ROP) 13
Granular triple superphosphate (GTSP) 13
Environmental issues 15
Supply and demand by region 16
World 16
Normal superphosphate 16
Salient statistics 16
Capacity and production 16
Consumption 18
Price 18
Trade 19
Triple superphosphate 20
Salient statistics 20
Capacity and production 21
Consumption 22
Price 23
Trade 23
United States 25
Normal superphosphate 25
Producing companies 25
Salient statistics 25
Consumption 25
Price 26
Trade 26
Triple superphosphate 26
Producing companies 26
Salient statistics 26
Consumption 27
Price 28
Trade 30
Canada 30
Normal superphosphate 30
Triple superphosphate 31
Mexico 31
Normal superphosphate 31
Producing companies 31
Salient statistics 32
Triple superphosphate 32
Producing companies 32
Salient statistics 33
Central and South America 34
Normal superphosphate 34
Producing companies 34
Salient statistics 36
Production 36
Consumption 37
Price 37
Trade 38
Triple superphosphate 38
Producing companies 38
Salient statistics 39
Price 39
Trade 40
Western Europe 40
Normal superphosphate 40
Producing companies 40
Salient statistics 42
Production 43
Consumption 44
Trade 45
Triple superphosphate 46
Producing companies 46
Salient statistics 47
Production 47
Consumption 48
Trade 49
Central Europe 50
Normal superphosphate 50
Producing companies 50
Salient statistics 52
Production 52
Consumption 53
Trade 54
Triple superphosphate 55
Producing companies 55
Salient statistics 55
Production 56
Consumption 57
Trade 57
Eastern Europe 59
Normal superphosphate 59
Producing companies 59
Salient statistics 60
Production 60
Consumption 61
Trade 61
Triple superphosphate 62
Producing companies 62
Salient statistics 63
Production 63
Consumption 64
Trade 65
Middle East 65
Normal superphosphate 65
Producing companies 65
Salient statistics 66
Production 66
Consumption 67
Trade 68
Triple superphosphate 69
Producing companies 69
Salient statistics 70
Production 71
Consumption 71
Trade 72
Africa 73
Normal superphosphate 73
Producing companies 73
Salient statistics 75
Production 76
Consumption 77
Trade 77
Triple superphosphate 78
Producing companies 78
Salient statistics 80
Production 81
Consumption 81
Trade 82
Southwest Asia 83
Normal superphosphate 83
Producing companies 83
Salient statistics 86
Production 87
Consumption 87
Trade 88
Triple superphosphate 88
Producing companies 88
Salient statistics 88
Production 89
Consumption 89
Trade 90
Mainland China 90
Normal superphosphate 90
Producing companies 90
Salient statistics 93
Consumption 94
Price 94
Trade 95
Triple superphosphate 95
Producing companies 95
Salient statistics 96
Consumption 97
Price 97
Trade 98
Japan 99
Normal superphosphate 99
Producing companies 99
Salient statistics 99
Triple superphosphate 100
Producing companies 100
Salient statistics 100
Other Northeast Asia 101
Normal superphosphate 101
Producing companies 101
Salient statistics 102
Triple superphosphate 102
Producing companies 102
Salient statistics 102
Southeast Asia 103
Normal superphosphate 103
Producing companies 103
Salient statistics 104
Production 104
Consumption 105
Trade 105
Triple superphosphate 105
Producing companies 105
Salient statistics 106
Consumption 106
Trade 107
Oceania 107
Normal superphosphate 107
Producing companies 107
Salient statistics 108
Production 109
Consumption 109
Trade 110
Triple superphosphate 110
Producing companies 110
Salient statistics 110
Trade 111
Additional resources 112
Revisions 113

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