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Paint and Coatings Industry Overview

Chemical Economics Handbook

Published June 2021

The coatings industry is one of the most heavily regulated industries in the world, so producers have been forced to adopt low-solvent and solventless technologies in the past 40 years, and will continue to do so. The number of coatings producers is large, but most are regional producers, with only 10 or so large multinationals; however, most of the large multinationals have expanded operations in fast-growing areas like mainland China and India. The most noteworthy trend has been consolidation, especially among the largest producers.

The following pie chart shows world production of paints and coatings:

Production and consumption are nearly equal in each country, as trade is limited to relatively small quantities of high value product. Demand in Asia continues to rise faster than elsewhere in the world, and the region now accounts for 55% of global consumption on a volume basis. Generally, coatings grow in tandem with the economy, so growth will continue to focus on the developing world.

Coatings provide two primary functions that are of considerable economic importance—decoration and protection. About 55% of the coatings produced worldwide are used to decorate and protect new construction as well as to maintain existing structures, including residential homes and apartments, public buildings, and plants and factories. Another 35% of the coatings are used to decorate and/or protect industrial products. Without coatings, product lives might be shortened drastically and many products would not even be marketable. Most of the remaining coatings, called “special purpose,” are used for miscellaneous applications such as traffic paints, vehicle refinishing, high-performance coatings for industrial plants and equipment, and protection of marine structures and vessels.

The coatings industry in the United States, Western Europe, and Japan is mature and generally reflects the health of the economy, especially housing, construction, and transportation. Traditional growth patterns were interrupted in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Demand for coatings in 2020 dropped slightly in the United States, rose slightly in Western Europe, and fell by about 10% in Japan. Each market is expected to grow in 2021, with average annual growth rates of 2% in the United States, 1.5–2% in Western Europe, and 2.2% in Japan in 2020–25.

In emerging markets, coatings are growing at a much faster rate. The best prospects for growth are mainland China (4% average annual growth rate during 2020–25), India (5.5%), Poland (3–4%), Turkey (2–3%), and Saudi Arabia (2–3%). Total global growth on average should be 3–4% per year. On a value basis, it is likely that growth will be even higher as a result of the increased production of relatively higher-value coatings. Most of the major multinational coatings producers have production in mainland China. The multinational producers should gain even more presence in the developing world as living standards increase and per capita consumption of coatings rises.

The major change that has taken place in the coatings industry over the last 40 years has been the adoption of new coating technologies. These new coating technologies include waterborne (thermosetting emulsion, colloidal dispersion, watersoluble) coatings, high-solids coatings, two-component systems, powder coatings, and radiation-curable coatings. Through the next five years, air pollution regulations will continue to be a driving force behind the adoption of new coating technologies; however, consumer preference is having a larger effect. For the architectural coatings market, waterbornes will likely continue to grow as consumers demand coatings that are free from odors and potentially hazardous raw materials.

In general, environmental regulations are becoming more stringent in all regions to limit emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), not only in the industrialized world, but also in developing economies like mainland China. Energy conservation and rising solvent and raw material costs are also contributing factors; raw material costs account for 50–60% of the total production costs for coatings. The coatings industry is one of the larger consumers of solvents, which are mostly derived from petrochemical feedstocks and refinery operations. The coatings industry also uses a considerable quantity of nonpetrochemical feedstocks, such as pigments and additives, which are not very dependent on crude oil and gas prices. The nonpetrochemical portion of the feedstocks is approximately one-third, on a volume basis.

One new area of interest is nanotechnology, with tens of thousands of patents issued already just for the coatings industry. Very small ceramic or metallic particles can be added to paint formulations to modify specific properties (e.g., scratch, mar, wear, corrosion, and UV resistance) in highly specialized applications. The average size of nanoparticles is 10– 70 nanometers, consisting of less than 6.5 million atoms. At these sizes, the ratio of surface area to mass becomes significant, giving the particles unique properties. For example, at 2 nanometers, the conductivity of metal particles changes and at 20 nanometers, the transparency of ceramic particles changes. At 20 nanometers, particles of gold turn red and their plasticity disappears.

For more detailed information, see the table of contents, shown below.

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook –Paint and Coatings IndustryOverview is the comprehensive and trusted guide for anyone seeking information on this industry. This latest report details global and regional information, including

Key benefits

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook –Paint and Coatings Industry Overview has been compiled using primary interviews with key suppliers and organizations, and leading representatives from the industry in combination with S&P Global’s unparalleled access to upstream and downstream market intelligence and expert insights into industry dynamics, trade, and economics.

This report can help you

  • Identify trends and driving forces influencing chemical markets
  • Forecast and plan for future demand
  • Understand the impact of competing materials
  • Identify and evaluate potential customers and competitors
  • Evaluate producers
  • Track changing prices and trade movements
  • Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability

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Contents

Executive summary 8
Summary 9
Industry status 16
Introduction 31
Manufacturing processes 32
Technology 34
Environmental issues 42
Biorenewable raw materials 53
Supply and demand by region 56
United States 56
Raw materials 56
Producing companies 57
Production 59
Consumption 60
Architectural coatings 61
Product finishes 68
Powder coatings 68
Automotive 69
Wood 72
Metal containers 74
Coil coatings 75
Agricultural, construction, and equipment (ACE) 76
Special-purpose coatings 77
High-performance maintenance and marine paints 77
Vehicle refinishes 79
Highway and traffic markings 80
Price 80
Trade 83
Canada 84
Mexico 89
Central and South America 94
Brazil 95
Other Central and South America 99
Argentina 99
Chile 100
Colombia 100
Peru 101
Uruguay 101
Venezuela 101
Central America 101
Europe 102
Raw materials 102
Producing companies 102
Production 104
Consumption 105
Western Europe 107
Salient statistics 107
Finland 108
France 108
Germany 110
Italy 112
Netherlands 115
Norway 117
Spain 117
Sweden 119
Switzerland 119
United Kingdom 120
Consumption 122
Architectural coatings 122
Product finishes 127
Wood furniture, flooring, and fixtures 127
Automotive OEM 128
Powder coatings 130
Coil coatings 131
Metal containers 132
Special-purpose coatings 132
Anticorrosion coatings 132
Vehicle refinishes 133
Traffic paints 134
Price 135
Trade 139
Central and Eastern Europe 141
Salient statistics 141
Czechia 142
Hungary 143
Poland 144
Romania 145
Slovakia 145
Slovenia 146
Consumption 146
Architectural coatings 146
Product finishes 148
Wood furniture, flooring, and fixtures 148
Automotive OEM 149
Powder coatings 150
Coil coatings 150
Anticorrosion coatings 150
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 151
Russia 151
Producing companies 151
Consumption 152
Architectural coatings 154
Automotive 154
Wood coatings 155
Anticorrosion coatings 156
Powder coatings 156
Coil coatings 157
Trade 157
Other CIS countries 157
Azerbaijan 157
Belarus 158
Georgia 158
Kazakhstan 158
Ukraine 159
Uzbekistan 160
Middle East 160
Bahrain 161
Iran 161
Israel 162
Jordan 162
Lebanon 162
Oman 163
Qatar 163
Saudi Arabia 163
Turkey 165
United Arab Emirates 168
Yemen 169
Africa 169
Algeria 169
Angola 170
Cameroon 170
Egypt 170
Ethiopia 171
Ghana 171
Kenya 171
Libya 172
Morocco 172
Mozambique 173
Namibia 173
Nigeria 173
South Africa 174
Tanzania 175
Tunisia 176
Uganda 176
Zambia 176
Zimbabwe 177
Mainland China 177
Raw materials 177
Producing companies 178
Salient statistics 187
Consumption 188
Architectural 189
Industrial 192
Protective/marine/container 192
Wood finishes 194
Powder coatings 194
Automotive 195
Automotive refinishing 198
Coil coatings 199
Metal containers 199
High-speed rail 200
Highway and traffic markings 200
Trade 201
Japan 201
Raw materials 201
Producing companies 202
Salient statistics 208
Consumption 210
Architectural 212
Automotive OEM 214
Primers 215
Primer-surfacers 215
Basecoat 215
Clear coats 216
Bumper coating and interior coating 216
Functional 216
Automotive refinish 216
Metal products 217
Can coatings 217
Powder coatings 218
Marine 218
Heavy-duty maintenance coatings 219
Machinery/railroads 219
Wood finishes 220
Other 220
Price 220
Trade 223
South Korea 223
Producing companies 223
Salient statistics 226
Consumption 227
Price 229
Taiwan 229
Indian Subcontinent 231
India 231
Producing companies 231
Salient statistics 237
Consumption 239
Other Indian Subcontinent 240
Salient statistics 240
Bangladesh 240
Pakistan 241
Sri Lanka 241
Southeast Asia 241
Indonesia 245
Malaysia 246
Myanmar 246
Philippines 247
Singapore 247
Thailand 247
Vietnam 249
Other Southeast Asia 250
Oceania 250
Additional resources 255
Revisions 256
Data Workbook 257

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