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Citric Acid

Chemical Economics Handbook

Published November 2020

Citric acid is the most widely used food acidulant. The acid and its derivatives are also ingredients in detergents and cleaners, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications.

Nearly two-thirds of world consumption of citric acid is in beverages and food, primarily as an acidulant; carbonated soft drinks account for most use. Citric acid adjusts acidity (pH), provides sourness and tartness, enhances flavors, and controls the growth of microorganisms. Food applications include candies, jams and jellies, canned fruits and vegetables, and processed cheese.

In household laundry detergents, citric acid and citrate salts act as builders, enhancing detergent performance by sequestering hardness ions and decreasing soil and dirt redeposition. Because citric acid eliminates common household bacteria, it is widely used in hard-surface cleaners and disinfecting wipes.

The following chart shows world consumption of citric acid and its salts and esters by region:

The global COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on citric acid markets in 2020. Sales of laundry detergents and cleaning products surged, leading to a significant rise in citric acid consumption in these end uses versus 2019. In contrast, consumption of citric acid in beverages and foods decreased slightly because away-from-home consumption of carbonated soft drinks (CSDs) in restaurants and cafeterias fell. The net result was a modest increase in overall consumption of citric acid and its derivatives in 2020 versus 2019. Overall demand for citric acid is expected to increase at an average annual rate of 2.8% during 2020–25.

For more detailed information, see the table of contents, shown below.

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook – Citric acid is the comprehensive and trusted guide for anyone seeking information on this industry. This latest report details global and regional information, including

Key benefits

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook – Citric acid has been compiled using primary interviews with key suppliers and organizations, and leading representatives from the industry in combination with S&P Global’s unparalleled access to upstream and downstream market intelligence and expert insights into industry dynamics, trade, and economics.

This report can help you

  • Identify trends and driving forces influencing chemical markets
  • Forecast and plan for future demand
  • Understand the impact of competing materials
  • Identify and evaluate potential customers and competitors
  • Evaluate producers
  • Track changing prices and trade movements
  • Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability

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Table of Contents

Section Page Number

Executive summary 7
Summary 9
Introduction 16
Manufacturing processes 17
Environmental issues 20
Legislation and regulation 21
United States 21
Europe 21
Mainland China 22
Japan 23
Supply and demand by region 25
United States 25
Producing companies 25
Salient statistics 26
Consumption 26
Beverages and food 27
Beverages 28
Food 31
Household detergents and cleaners 34
Liquid laundry detergents 35
Powder laundry detergents 35
Other cleaners 35
Pharmaceuticals 36
Cosmetics 39
Industrial and other 40
Metal cleaning and finishing 40
Miscellaneous 41
Price 43
Trade 44
Imports 44
Exports 47
Canada 47
Producing companies 47
Salient statistics 48
Consumption 48
Price 51
Trade 51
Imports 52
Exports 53
Mexico 54
Salient statistics 54
Consumption 54
Trade 55
Brazil 56
Producing companies 56
Salient statistics 57
Consumption 57
Price 59
Trade 60
Imports 60
Exports 61
Colombia 62
Producing companies 62
Salient statistics 62
Consumption 62
Price 63
Trade 63
Other Central And South America 65
Salient statistics 65
Consumption 67
Trade 68
Western Europe 70
Producing companies 70
Salient statistics 70
Consumption 71
Beverages and food 72
Beverages 72
Food 75
Household detergents and cleaners 76
Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics 76
Industrial and other 78
Price 78
Trade 79
Imports 79
Exports 81
Central And Eastern Europe 82
Producing companies 82
Salient statistics 83
Consumption 84
Price 85
Trade 85
Imports 85
Exports 87
Middle East 87
Producing companies 87
Salient Statistics 89
Consumption 89
Price 90
Trade 90
Imports 90
Exports 91
Africa 92
Salient statistics 92
Consumption 93
Price 93
Trade 94
Imports 94
Exports 95
India 95
Producing companies 95
Posy Pharmachem Pvt. Ltd. 96
Nandu Chemical Industries 97
Adani Pharmachem Pvt. Ltd. 97
Salient statistics 97
Consumption 97
Price 98
Trade 99
Mainland China 99
Producing companies 99
Salient statistics 101
Consumption 101
Beverages and food 102
Household detergents and cleaners 103
Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics 103
Industrial and other 103
Price 104
Trade 104
Japan 106
Producing companies 106
Salient statistics 107
Consumption 107
Beverages and food 108
Household detergents and cleaners 108
Industrial and other 109
Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics 109
Price 109
Trade 109
Imports 109
Exports 110
Other Northeast Asia 110
Salient statistics 110
Consumption 110
Price 111
Trade 112
Southeast Asia and Oceania 112
Producing companies 112
Indonesia 113
Thailand 113
Cambodia 114
Salient statistics 114
Consumption 114
Price 116
Trade 116
Additional resources 118
Revisions 119

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