[ Skip to Content ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are#skipToContent) [ Skip to Menu ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are#skipToMenu) [ Skip to Footer ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are#skipToFooter) [ ![spglobal](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/sandp-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) Explore S&P Global Search EN * [ 中文 (Chinese) ](https://www.spglobal.com/zh) [ Support ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/contact-us) Trending Topics * [Look Forward: Multidimensional Transition](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/look-forward/look-forward-volume-6) * [Look Forward: Supply Chain 2024](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/look-forward/look-forward-volume-5) * [AI in Banking: AI Will Be An Incremental Game Changer](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/ai-in-banking-ai-will-be-an-incremental-game-changer) * [The Return of Energy Security](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/look-forward/the-return-of-energy-security) * [The AI Governance Challenge](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/the-ai-governance-challenge) * [India's Future: The Quest for High and Stable Growth](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports/look-forward/india-s-future-the-quest-for-high-and-stable-growth) Offerings by Division * [S&P Global Market Intelligence](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [S&P Global Ratings](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [S&P Global Energy](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [S&P Dow Jones Indices](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) * S&P Global Offerings * * * * Featured Topics * * * * Featured Products * * * * Events * * * * Careers * * * S&P Global Offerings * * * * [ ![market-intelligence](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/MarketIntelligence-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ ![ratings](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/OverviewRatings-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ ![energy](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/CommodityInsights-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ ![dow-jones-indices](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPDowJonesIndices-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) Featured Topics * * * * [ Sustainability ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en) * [ Private Markets ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/private-markets) * [ Energy Transition ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/energy-transition) * [ Credit & Risk ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/credit-risk) * [ Supply Chain ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/supply-chain) * [ Data & Artificial Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/data-artificial-intelligence) Featured Products * * * * [ ![capital-iq-pro](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPCapitalIQPro-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/solutions/products/sp-capital-iq-pro) * [ ![energy-core](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/PlattsConnect-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/products-solutions/delivery/platts-connect) * [ ![esg-scores](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPGlobalESGScores-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en/solutions/esg-scores-data) * [ ![ratings360](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Ratings360-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/products/ratings360) Events * * * * [ Featured S&P Global Events ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/featured) * [ Webinar Replays ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/webinar-replays) * [ S&P Global Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/events) * [ S&P Global Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/events) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/events/in-person/) * [ S&P Global Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/events) Careers * * * * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers) * [ Our Culture ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-culture) * [ Our Commitment ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-commitment) * [ Our Work ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-work) * [ Search for a Job ](https://careers.spglobal.com/) * [ S&P Global Home ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) * [ Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) * S&P Global Offerings * Featured Topics * Featured Products * Events * Careers S&P Global Offerings * [ ![market-intelligence](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/MarketIntelligence-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ ![ratings](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/OverviewRatings-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ ![energy](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/CommodityInsights-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ ![dow-jones-indices](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPDowJonesIndices-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) Featured Topics * [ Sustainability ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en) * [ Private Markets ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/private-markets) * [ Energy Transition ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/energy-transition) * [ Credit & Risk ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/credit-risk) * [ Supply Chain ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/supply-chain) * [ Data & Artificial Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/data-artificial-intelligence) Featured Products * [ ![capital-iq-pro](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPCapitalIQPro-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/solutions/products/sp-capital-iq-pro) * [ ![energy-core](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/PlattsConnect-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/products-solutions/delivery/platts-connect) * [ ![esg-scores](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPGlobalESGScores-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en/solutions/esg-scores-data) * [ ![ratings360](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Ratings360-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/products/ratings360) Events * [ Featured S&P Global Events ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/featured) * [ Webinar Replays ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/webinar-replays) * [ S&P Global Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/events) * [ S&P Global Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/events) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/events/in-person/) * [ S&P Global Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/events) Careers * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers) * [ Our Culture ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-culture) * [ Our Commitment ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-commitment) * [ Our Work ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers/our-work) * [ Search for a Job ](https://careers.spglobal.com/) * Find Products * Research & Insights * Who We Are [Contact Us(opens in a new tab)](https://www.spglobal.com/en/contact-us) * Featured Products * * * * [ Data & Analytics ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/data-analytics) * * * * [ Research & Insights ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/research-insights) * * * * Ratings & Benchmarks * * * * [ Indices (opens in a new tab)](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/) * * * * [ Technology Solutions ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/technology-solutions) * * * * By Topic * * * * [ See all S&P Global Products & Solutions (opens in a new tab)](https://www.marketplace.spglobal.com) * * * Featured Products * * * * [ ![capital-iq-pro](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPCapitalIQPro-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/solutions/products/sp-capital-iq-pro) * [ ![energy-core](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/PlattsConnect-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/products-solutions/delivery/platts-connect) * [ ![esg-scores](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPGlobalESGScores-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/esg/solutions/data-intelligence-esg-scores) * [ ![ratings360](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Ratings360-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/products/ratings360) * * * * * * Ratings & Benchmarks * * * * [ ![overview](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/OverviewRatings-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/ratings-benchmarks) * [ ![find-a-rating](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/FindARating-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/) * * * * * * By Topic * * * * [ Sustainability ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en/solutions) * [ Private Markets ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/private-markets) * [ Energy Transition ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/energy-transition) * [ Credit & Risk ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/credit-risk) * [ Supply Chain ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/supply-chain) * [ Data & Artificial Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/data-artificial-intelligence) * * * * [ S&P Global Home ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) * [ Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) * Featured Products * [ Data & Analytics ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/data-analytics) * [ Research & Insights ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/research-insights) * Ratings & Benchmarks * [ Indices (opens in a new tab)](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/) * [ Technology Solutions ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/technology-solutions) * By Topic * [ See all S&P Global Products & Solutions (opens in a new tab)](https://www.marketplace.spglobal.com) Featured Products * [ ![capital-iq-pro](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPCapitalIQPro-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en/solutions/products/sp-capital-iq-pro) * [ ![energy-core](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/PlattsConnect-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/products-solutions/delivery/platts-connect) * [ ![esg-scores](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/SPGlobalESGScores-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/esg/solutions/data-intelligence-esg-scores) * [ ![ratings360](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Ratings360-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/products/ratings360) Ratings & Benchmarks * [ ![overview](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/OverviewRatings-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/ratings-benchmarks) * [ ![find-a-rating](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/FindARating-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en/) By Topic * [ Sustainability ](https://www.spglobal.com/sustainable1/en/solutions) * [ Private Markets ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/private-markets) * [ Energy Transition ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/energy-transition) * [ Credit & Risk ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/credit-risk) * [ Supply Chain ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/supply-chain) * [ Data & Artificial Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/products/topics/data-artificial-intelligence) * Market Insights * * * * [ Special Reports ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports) * * * * Events * * * * [ Podcasts ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/podcasts) * * * Market Insights * * * * [ ![energy-commodities](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0424_energy_commodities?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/energy-commodities) * [ ![capital-markets](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0417_capitalmarketsbanner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/capital-markets) * [ ![sustainability](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0424_sustainability_banner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/sustainability) * [ ![artificial-intelligence](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0114_AIThumbnail?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/artificial-intelligence) * [ ![economy](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0416_economyvertical_horizontal?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/economy) * [ ![global-trade](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0606_GlobalTradeheader?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/global-trade) * [ ![technology-innovation](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0417_technologybanner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/technology-innovation) * [ ![sp-global-institute](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/spg-lighthouse-coastal-maritime-weather-sky?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/sp-global-institute) * * * Events * * * * [ ![featured-events](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/FeaturedSPGlobalEvents-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/featured) * [ ![webinar-replays](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/WebinarReplays-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/webinar-replays) * [ ![World Petrochemical Conference](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/wpc_banner?$responsive$) ](https://wpc.spglobal.com/en) * * * * [ S&P Global Home ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) * [ Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) * Market Insights * [ Special Reports ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/special-reports) * Events * [ Podcasts ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/podcasts) Market Insights * [ ![energy-commodities](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0424_energy_commodities?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/energy-commodities) * [ ![capital-markets](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0417_capitalmarketsbanner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/capital-markets) * [ ![sustainability](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0424_sustainability_banner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/sustainability) * [ ![artificial-intelligence](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0114_AIThumbnail?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/artificial-intelligence) * [ ![economy](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0416_economyvertical_horizontal?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/economy) * [ ![global-trade](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/Corp_0606_GlobalTradeheader?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/global-trade) * [ ![technology-innovation](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/corp_0417_technologybanner?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/market-insights/technology-innovation) * [ ![sp-global-institute](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/spg-lighthouse-coastal-maritime-weather-sky?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/sp-global-institute) Events * [ ![featured-events](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/FeaturedSPGlobalEvents-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/featured) * [ ![webinar-replays](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/WebinarReplays-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/research-insights/events/webinar-replays) * [ ![World Petrochemical Conference](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/wpc_banner?$responsive$) ](https://wpc.spglobal.com/en) * About S&P Global * * * * Corporate Responsibility * * * * Culture & Engagement * * * * Investor Relations * * * About S&P Global * * * * [ Our Mission and Values ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/about-sp-global) * [ Our Leadership ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/about-sp-global/our-people/our-leadership) * [ Our History ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/our-history) * [ Our Chief Client Office ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/chief-client-office) * [ Capabilities ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/capabilities) * [ S&P Global Institute ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/sp-global-institute) Corporate Responsibility * * * * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility) * [ Reports & Policies ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/reports-commitments) * [ S&P Global Foundation ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/foundation) * [ StepForward ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/stepforward) Culture & Engagement * * * * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/culture-engagement) * [ People Resource Groups ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/culture-engagement/people-resource-groups) * [ Search for a Job ](https://careers.spglobal.com/jobs) Investor Relations * * * [ Overview (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-relations-overview/) [ Presentations (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-presentations/default.aspx) [ Investor Fact Book (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-fact-book/) [ News Releases (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/news-releases/default.aspx) [ Quarterly Earnings (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/quarterly-earnings/) [ SEC Filings & Reports (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/sec-filings-reports/overview/) [ Executive Committee (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/our-leadership/executive-committee/default.aspx) [ Governance (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/corporate-governance/overview/) [ Merger Information (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/mobility-global/default.aspx) [ Stocks & Dividends (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/stock-dividends/stock-quote/) [ Shareholder Services (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/shareholder-services/overview/default.aspx) [ Contact (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/contact-investor-relations/contact-ir/default.aspx) * [ S&P Global Home ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) * [ Market Intelligence ](https://www.spglobal.com/market-intelligence/en) * [ Ratings ](https://www.spglobal.com/ratings/en) * [ Energy ](https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en) * [ S&P Dow Jones Indices ](https://www.spglobal.com/spdji/en/) * About S&P Global * Corporate Responsibility * Culture & Engagement * Investor Relations About S&P Global * [ Our Mission and Values ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/about-sp-global) * [ Our Leadership ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/about-sp-global/our-people/our-leadership) * [ Our History ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/our-history) * [ Our Chief Client Office ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/chief-client-office) * [ Capabilities ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/capabilities) * [ S&P Global Institute ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/sp-global-institute) Corporate Responsibility * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility) * [ Reports & Policies ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/reports-commitments) * [ S&P Global Foundation ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/foundation) * [ StepForward ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility/stepforward) Culture & Engagement * [ Overview ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/culture-engagement) * [ People Resource Groups ](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/culture-engagement/people-resource-groups) * [ Search for a Job ](https://careers.spglobal.com/jobs) Investor Relations [ Overview (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-relations-overview/) [ Presentations (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-presentations/default.aspx) [ Investor Fact Book (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/investor-fact-book/) [ News Releases (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/news-releases/default.aspx) [ Quarterly Earnings (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/quarterly-earnings/) [ SEC Filings & Reports (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/sec-filings-reports/overview/) [ Executive Committee (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/our-leadership/executive-committee/default.aspx) [ Governance (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/corporate-governance/overview/) [ Merger Information (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/mobility-global/default.aspx) [ Stocks & Dividends (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/stock-dividends/stock-quote/) [ Shareholder Services (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/shareholder-services/overview/default.aspx) [ Contact (opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/contact-investor-relations/contact-ir/default.aspx) [ ![spglobal](https://spglobal.scene7.com/is/image/spglobalcom/sandp-1?$responsive$) ](https://www.spglobal.com/en) We are S&P Global. And this is how we view the world. ## Advancing Essential Intelligence Our world is in transition and getting more complex by the day. We push past expected observations and seek out new levels of understanding so that we can help companies, governments and individuals make an impact on tomorrow. 1860 1888 1897 1917 1923 1941 1953 1957 1958 1966 1972 2004 2005 2012 2013 2015 2016 1860 1888 1897 1917 1923 1941 1953 1957 1958 1966 1972 2004 2005 2012 2013 2015 2016 At S&P Global, we focus on Advancing Essential Intelligence. Throughout our history, the world's leading organizations have relied on us for the Essential Intelligence they need to make confident decisions about the road ahead. Learn About Our History ## Our People We're 30,000+ strong worldwide—so we're able to understand nuances while having a broad perspective. Our team is driven by curiosity and a shared belief that essential intelligence can help build a more prosperous future for us all. Meet some of the people who make it possible. Meet Our People ## Our Values Integrity Discovery Partnership We start with a foundation of integrity in all we do, bring a spirit of discovery to our work, and collaborate in close partnership with each other and our customers to achieve shared goals. Careers at S&P Global * Follow Us * [ (opens in a new tab)](https://www.spglobal.com/zh/spg-wechat-article) * Our Purpose * [Our Values](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/) * [Our History](https://www.spglobal.com/en/our-history) * [Ventures](https://www.spglobal.com/en/venture) * [Press(opens in a new tab)](https://press.spglobal.com/) * Investor Relations * [Overview(opens in a new tab)](http://investor.spglobal.com/) * [News Releases(opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/news-releases/default.aspx) * [Quarterly Earnings(opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/quarterly-earnings/) * [SEC Filings & Reports(opens in a new tab)](https://investor.spglobal.com/sec-filings-reports/overview/) * Contact Us * [Customer Care & Sales](https://www.spglobal.com/en/contact-us) * [Support by Division](https://www.spglobal.com/en/contact-us) * [Office Locations](https://www.spglobal.com/en/contact-us/office-locations) * Our Organization * [Careers](https://www.spglobal.com/en/explore-s-p-global/careers) * [Corporate Responsibility](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/corporate-responsibility) * [Leadership](https://www.spglobal.com/en/who-we-are/about-sp-global/our-people/our-leadership) * [IOSCO ESG Rating & Data Product Statements](https://www.spglobal.com/en/esg-statements) * * * Customize Cookies * [Terms of Use](https://www.spglobal.com/en/terms-of-use) * [Cookie Notice](https://www.spglobal.com/en/cookie-notice) * [Privacy Policy](https://www.spglobal.com/en/privacy/privacy-policy-english) * [Client Privacy Portal](https://www.spglobal.com/en/enterprise/Legal/privacy.html) * © 2026 S&P Global