Wildfires in the wilderness are part of the ecological cycle. Wildfires in ‘not-so-wild’ places are not, however, and are called Wildland/Urban Interface (WUI) fires. These have been increasing in both frequency and intensity. For example, 2018 was the most destructive and costly fire season in California history. As shown in Table 1, the state’s top three wildfires that year e...
READFlooding in Japan from Typhoon Hagibis in October 2019 destroyed a third of East Japan Railway (JR) Company’s [1] fleet of futuristic bullet trains on the Jōetsu Shinkansen high-speed line connecting Tokyo and Niigata. This resulted in a loss of approximately $300 million U.S. [2] It is almost impossible to avoid disasters of this scale in today’s environment. That being the ca...
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