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Inorganic Color Pigments

Chemical Economics Handbook

Published December 2019

Since the mid-1990s, the global color pigments market has experienced significant growth in production and consumption in Asian markets, particularly in China. This report provides analysis and data on all major pigment applications—printing inks, paints and coatings, and plastics—as well as textile printing, paper, and leather; information on special-effect pigments (pearlescent/luster and metallic pigments) is also included.

The total market for inorganic color pigments has grown at less than 1% per year over the last five years. Synthetic iron oxides dominate the market with a 71% market share by volume in 2019. Natural iron oxides are the next-largest market in terms of volume, with a 13% share in 2019. Chrome pigments are the next segment by volume, with lead-containing chromates at 4.0% and chromium oxides at 3.0%. Other pigment types make up the remaining 9% of the market by volume.

The following pie chart shows world consumption of inorganic color pigments:

Over the last decade, the color pigments industry has passed through a period of significant restructuring, responding to the globalization of pigment markets, declining prices/competitive factors, and the impacts of environmental regulations. A number of smaller producers, unable to compete with larger international firms, closed their plants or were acquired by larger, mainly European or Japanese firms. Product lines were realigned toward the higher margin pigments.

The most important challenges for pigment producers will be to cope with the continuing globalization of the business, maturing markets in some applications and regions, oversupply of commodity pigments (keeping prices depressed), and some significant changes in health and environmental regulations, particularly under Europe’s REACH regulation; however, much of the market impact is a continuation of existing consumption trends.

The global economic downturn seriously affected the pigment industry during 2008 and 2009, especially in the construction and automotive industries. Producers were forced to cut back production in the United States and Asia. Weak demand for consumer goods affected the plastics segment, along with print and cosmetic products. The increasing environmental attractiveness of organic pigments is slowly replacing a share of the inorganic pigment market. Consumers are looking at eco-friendly products coupled with enhanced effects that can be achieved even at the cost of higher prices.

The primary drivers of inorganic color pigments consumption are growth in urbanization, which develops new application areas for paints and coatings, building materials, and plastics; market changes where developing countries’ market demand is increasing with rising income levels; and environmental regulations and standards. Worldwide markets for inorganic color pigments are expected to grow at slightly less than GDP growth rates during the next five years, at about 2.5-3.0%. While demand has remained stagnant in Western countries for the past few years, it has shown an increase in Asian countries, particularly India, South Korea, and Malaysia, where construction markets grew steadily between 2014 and 2019. In Japan, overall inorganic color pigment consumption is expected to remain stagnant to slightly declining, while growth will only be slightly stronger in Europe at 1-1.5% and in the United States at 1.5%. In Asian countries other than Japan, primarily India, consumption of pigments will grow significantly, particularly in construction materials and paints and coatings at a rate of 2.5-3.0%.

For more detailed information, see the table of contents, shown below.

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook -Pigments, Inorganic Color is the comprehensive and trusted guide for anyone seeking information on this industry. This latest report details global and regional information, including

Key benefits

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook -Pigments, Inorganic Color has been compiled using primary interviews with key suppliers and organizations, and leading representatives from the industry in combination with S&P Global’s unparalleled access to upstream and downstream market intelligence and expert insights into industry dynamics, trade, and economics.

This report can help you

  • Identify trends and driving forces influencing chemical markets
  • Forecast and plan for future demand
  • Understand the impact of competing materials
  • Identify and evaluate potential customers and competitors
  • Evaluate producers
  • Track changing prices and trade movements
  • Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability

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Table of Contents

Section Page Number

Executive summary11
Summary12
World supply/demand13
Leading producers13
World capacity15
Production16
Consumption16
World market size17
World pigments business development18
Consumption growth18
Production19
Market participants19
Product range20
Introduction21
Description24
Iron oxide pigments24
Natural iron oxide pigments24
Synthetic iron oxide pigments25
Chrome pigments25
Ultramarine pigments27
Complex inorganic pigments27
Iron blue pigments28
Cadmium pigments28
Bismuth vanadate pigments29
Rare earth sulfide pigments29
Manganese violet pigments30
Manufacturing processes31
Iron oxide pigments31
Natural iron oxide pigments31
Synthetic iron oxide pigments31
Chrome pigments34
Ultramarine pigments35
Complex inorganic pigments35
Cadmium pigments35
Environmental issues37
Supply and demand by region40
United States40
Iron oxide pigments40
Producing companies40
Salient statistics42
Consumption45
Construction materials47
Surface coatings48
Plastics, rubber, paper, textiles, glass, and ceramics50
Other51
Price52
Trade52
Imports52
Exports55
Chrome pigments55
Producing companies55
Production57
Consumption58
Paints and coatings59
Roofing granules61
Plastics61
Ceramic, glass, and construction materials63
Printing inks63
Other64
Price64
Trade65
Imports66
Exports66
Complex inorganic pigments67
Producing companies67
Salient statistics69
Consumption70
Plastics and rubber70
Paints and coatings71
Concrete, grouts, and roof shingles72
Ceramic and glass materials72
Other73
Price73
Trade73
Ultramarine pigments74
Producing companies74
Salient statistics74
Consumption75
Price75
Trade75
Cadmium pigments76
Producing companies76
Salient statistics76
Consumption77
Plastics78
Ceramic materials78
Paints and coatings79
Other79
Price79
Trade79
Other inorganic pigments80
Canada80
Producing companies80
Consumption81
Trade81
Imports81
Exports83
Mexico84
Producing companies84
Iron oxide pigments84
Chrome pigments84
Complex inorganic pigments85
Iron blue pigments85
Salient statistics85
Consumption85
Trade86
Imports86
Exports88
Central and South America89
Iron oxide pigments89
Producing companies89
Consumption90
Trade90
Chrome pigments91
Producing companies91
Consumption92
Trade92
Lead chromate pigments92
Chrome oxide green pigments93
Complex inorganic pigments94
Producing companies94
Consumption95
Trade95
Ultramarine pigments96
Producing companies96
Consumption96
Trade96
Cadmium pigments97
Producing companies97
Consumption98
Trade98
Other inorganic pigments99
Lithopone99
Luminophore99
Europe100
Iron oxide pigments100
Producing companies100
Natural iron oxide pigments101
Advanced natural iron oxides103
Synthetic iron oxide pigments103
Salient statistics105
Production106
Natural iron oxide pigments108
Advanced natural iron oxide pigments108
Synthetic iron oxide pigments108
Consumption109
Building materials110
Inks, paints, and coatings111
Plastics and rubber111
Paper111
Magnetic applications (ferrites and other uses)112
Food colorants/nutritional additives112
Cosmetics112
Other112
Price112
Trade113
Imports113
Exports113
Chrome pigments115
Producing companies115
Salient statistics116
Consumption117
Lead chromates118
Chromium oxide119
Barium, zinc, and strontium chromate120
Trade120
Imports120
Exports121
Complex inorganic pigments122
Producing companies122
Production123
Consumption123
Ceramic and glass materials124
Paints and coatings124
Plastics124
Trade125
Ultramarine pigments125
Producing companies125
Salient statistics126
Production126
Consumption126
Price127
Trade127
Imports127
Exports129
Iron blue pigments129
Producing companies129
Salient statistics129
Production130
Consumption130
Printing inks130
Fungicide coloring130
Paints and coatings131
Paper131
Other131
Trade131
Cadmium pigments132
Producing companies132
Salient statistics132
Production133
Consumption133
Price135
Trade136
Bismuth vanadate pigments137
Producing companies137
Consumption138
Rare earth sulfide pigments138
Producing companies138
Consumption138
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)139
Summary139
Production139
Consumption139
Iron oxide pigments139
Producing companies139
Salient statistics140
Consumption141
Trade141
Chrome pigments141
Producing companies141
Consumption142
Trade142
Other inorganic color pigments143
Middle East and Africa143
China144
Iron oxide pigments146
Producing companies146
Synthetic iron oxide pigments146
Natural iron oxide pigments148
Salient statistics148
Consumption149
Construction materials150
Paints and coatings150
Paper150
Plastics and rubber150
Other151
Price151
Trade151
Imports151
Exports152
Chrome pigments153
Producing companies153
Salient statistics154
Consumption155
Lead chromates156
Chromium oxide156
Price156
Trade157
Ultramarine blue pigments158
Producing companies158
Salient statistics159
Consumption159
Plastics159
Paints and coatings160
Detergents160
Paper160
Cosmetics160
Printing inks160
Other160
Price160
Trade161
Other inorganic pigments162
Complex inorganic color pigments162
Iron blue pigments162
Cadmium pigments162
Bismuth vanadate pigments163
Cerium sulfide pigments163
Japan163
Producing companies163
Iron oxide pigments165
Chrome pigments165
Other inorganic color pigments165
Production166
Consumption167
Price171
Trade173
India176
Producing companies176
Production178
Consumption178
Trade179
Other Asia and Oceania181
Total consumption181
Malaysia182
Philippines183
Producing companies183
Production183
Consumption184
Trade184
South Korea185
Producing companies185
Production185
Consumption185
Trade186
Taiwan188
Producing companies188
Production189
Consumption189
Trade190
Thailand192
Trade192
Oceania193
Consumption193
Trade193
Appendix—Special effect pigments195
Additional resources199
Revisions200

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